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PAS202BCA PAS202BBA
PAS202BCA SINGLE-CHIP CMOS VGA COLOR DIGITAL IMAGE SENSOR PAS202BBA SINGLE-CHIP CMOS VGA B&W DIGITAL IMAGE SENSOR General Description
The PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA is a highly integrated CMOS active-pixel image sensor that has a VGA resolution of 644H x 484V To have an excellent image quality, the PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA outputs 10-bit RGB raw data . through a parallel data bus. It is available in color or monochrome and in 323-pin LCC. The PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA can be programmed to set the exposure time for different luminance condition via I2CTM serial control bus. By programming the internal register sets, it performs on-chip frame rate adjustment, offset correction DAC and programmable gain control.
Features
VGA(644 x 484 pixels) resolution, ~1/4" Lens Bayer-RGB color filter array On-chip 10-bit pipelined A/D converter Output format: 10-bit parallel RGB raw data On-chip 9-bit background compensation DAC On-chip programmable gain amplifier
q q
Key Specification
Supply Voltage Resolution Array diagonal Pixel Size Frame rate System clock Max. pixel rate Sensitivity PGA gain Color filter Exposure Time Scan Mode S/N Ratio Package 3.3V + 10% 644(H) x 484(V) 4.5mm (~1/4"Optic) 5.6mX5.6m ~30 fps Up to 48 MHz 12MHz 0.6V/Lux-sec(green) 29.5 dB max. RGB Bayer Pattern ~ Frame time to 4 pxclk Progressive
>42 dB 32 pins LCC
4-bit color gain amplifier(x3) 5-bit global gain amplifier (x5)
Continuous variable frame time(1/2sec~1/30sec) Continuous variable exposure time I2C Interface Digitally programmable registers Single 3.3V supply voltage
100 mW low power dissipation 350 uW low power down dissipation Flash light timing Mirror output
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PixArt Imaging Inc. PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA CMOS Image Sensor IC
1. Pin Assignment
Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Name VSSAY VLRST PXD9 PXD8 PXD7 PXD6 PXD5 VDDQ VSSQ VSSQ PXD4 PXD3 NC PXD2 PXD1 PXD0 SYSCLK PXCLK HSYNC VSYNC SCL SDA VDDD VSSD CSB VCM VRT VRB NC VSSA VDDA VDDAY
Type
GND BIAS OUT OUT OUT OUT OUT PWR GND GND OUT OUT OUT OUT OUT IN OUT OUT OUT IN I/O PWR GND IN BYPASS BYPASS BYPASS GND PWR PWR
Defintion
Analog ground Fixed bias input voltage, 1.65V Digital data out Digital data out Digital data out Digital data out Digital data out Digital VDD, 3,3V Digital ground Digital ground Digital data out Digital data out Not connected Digital data out Digital data out Digital data out Master clock input Pixel clock output Horizontal synchronization signal Vertical synchronization signal I2C clock I2C data Digital VDD, 3.3V Digital ground Chip select (Low, active, chip disable if high) Analog voltage reference Analog voltage reference Analog voltage reference Not connected Analog ground Analog VDD, 3.3V Analog VDD, 3.3V
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2. Block Diagram
dac[8:0] Row Decoders 9-bit +/-1V DAC Sensor Array Color gain B,G,R Global gain 5-bits 4-bits X3 X5
CDS ckts Col. Decoders
cmd Timing Register I2C & sets Interface Digital Control Pxo<9:0> Vsync Hsync PXCLK SDA SCL SysClk 10-bit pipelined ADC
Fig 2.1 - Block diagram of the PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA
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PixArt Imaging Inc. PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA CMOS Image Sensor IC
3. Output Format 3.1. Pixel Array And Pixel Color Pattern
The output image format of PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA is VGA (640x480 pixel array). To provide the co-processor with the extra information it needs for interpolation at the edges of the pixel array, an border of 2 pixels on all 4 sides of the array are available. Fig 3.1. illustrates the pixel array and pixel color pattern.
13 dark pixel 540 dark pixel Row 485 Row 484 G G RG RG R R 13 R pixel R 13 G pixel G
13 dark pixel
13 dark pixel
13 dark pixel 13 No filter pixel
13 B pixel B G
Dark pixel BG BG
RG RG
R R
BG G
BG
row lines
Pixel array: 644(H) x 486(V)
BG Row 1 Row 0
B
G R G Dark pixel 540 dark pixel R 13 R pixel G 13 G pixel 13 dark pixel B 13 B pixel 13 dark pixel
BG G BG
BG R BG
G RG BG B
RG
13 No filter pixel 13 dark pixel
13 dark pixel
644
column lines
Fig 3.1. Pixel array and pixel color pattern
Note: 1. 2. 3. Pixel color pattern does not apply to monochrome sensor. Pixel read-out proceeds from left to right, and from bottom row to top row. Pixel array not drawn to scale.
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3.2 Output timing:
Pixel per line is programmable, 772 pixels ~ 1156 pixels. 4+4 blank pixel for each line. ( See Fig 3.2. Fig 3.3) 1+1 Dark line for each frame.(See Fig 3.4. Fig 3.5 ) Dark line output format: Fig 3.6.
line time (min)= 120+4+2+640+2+4 = 772 pixclks Hsync. xxx xxxx Pixclk_a 2+640+2 pixels x x x x out B GB G 120 pixclks x x x x 2+640+2 pixels out Note: "x" indicates don't care PXD[9:0]
Fig 3.2. Inter-line timing (default)
line time =4+644+4 pixclks Hsync. xxx
Nov_by2*2-8 pixclks
Note: "x" indicates don't care PXD[9:0] 2+640+2 pixels x x x x out xxxx x x x x 2+640+2 pixels out B GB G Nov_by2*2 pixclks Pixclk_a
Fig 3.3. Inter-line timing (programmable)
Vsync.
Frame time(min) (=486 lines) 120 Pixclks B,G,B,G...G,R,G,R... Valid frame data (484 lines) Fig 3.4. Inter-frame timing (default) Dark Dark
120 Pixclks Dark
Hsync.
Dark
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PixArt Imaging Inc. PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA CMOS Image Sensor IC
Frame time = lpf lines Vsync. Pixclks Hsync. Valid frame data (484 lines) Dark Dark Valid frame data (484 lines) Dark Dark Valid frame data (484 lines)
Fig 3.5. Inter-frame timing (programmable)
Row 0
Dark pixel
R 13 R pixel
G 13 G pixel
B 13 B pixel 13 No pixel filter 13 dark pixel
540
Dark pixel
13dark 13dark 13 dark pixel pixel pixel
644 column lines
Fig 3.6. Dark line output format
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4. I2C Bus
PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA supports I2C-bus transfer protocol and is acting as slave device. The 7 bits unique slave address is 1000000 and supports receiving / transmitting speed up to 400kHz.
4.1 I2C bus overview
Only two wires SDA (serial data) and SCL (serial clock) carry information between the devices connected to the I2C bus. Normally both SDA and SCL lines are open collector structure and pull high by external pull-up resistors.

Only the master can initiates a transfer (start), generates clock signals, and terminates a transfer (stop). Start and stop condition: A high to low transition of the SDA line while SCL is high defines a start condition. A low to high transition of the SDA line while SCL is high defines a stop condition. Please refer to Fig 4.1.
Valid data: The data on the SDA line must be stable during the high period of the SCL clock. Within each byte, MSB is always transferred first. Read/write control bit is the LSB of the first byte. Please refer to Fig 4.2.

Both the master and slave can transmit and receive data from the bus. Acknowledge: The receiving device should pull down the SDA line during high period of the SCL clock line when a complete byte was transferred by transmitter. In the case of a master received data from a slave, the master does not generate an acknowledgment on the last byte to indicate the end of a master read cycle.
SDA
SCL S Start Condition Fig 4.1 P Stop Condition Start and Stop Conditions
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PixArt Imaging Inc. PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA CMOS Image Sensor IC
SDA
DATA STABLE
DATA CHANGE ALLOWED
SCL
Fig 4.2 4.2 Data Transfer Format
4.2.1 Master transmits data to slave (write cycle)

Valid Data
S : Start A : Acknowledge by slave P : Stop RW : The LSB of 1ST byte to decide whether current cycle is read or write cycle. RW=1 read cycle, RW=0 write cycle.
SUBADDRESS : The address values of PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA internal control registers (Please refer to PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA register description)
1ST BYTE 2ND BYTE n BYTEs + A
S
SLAVE ID (7 BIT)
RW
A
SUBADDRESS (8 BIT)
A
DATA
A
DATA
A
P
MSB
LSB=0
During write cycle, the master generates start condition and then places the 1st byte data that are combined slave address (7 bits) with a read/write control bit to SDA line. After slave(PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA) issues acknowledgment, the master places 2nd byte (sub-address) data on SDA line. Again follow the PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA acknowledgment, the master places the 8 bits data on SDA line and transmit to PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA control register (address was assigned by 2nd byte). After
PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA issue acknowledgment, the master can generate a stop condition to end of this write cycle. In the condition of multi-byte write, the PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA sub-address is automatically increment after each DATA byte transferred. The data and A cycles is repeat until last byte write. Every control
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PixArt Imaging Inc. PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA CMOS Image Sensor IC
registers value inside PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA can be programming via this way. (Please refer to Fig 4.3.)
4.2.2 Slave transmits data to master (read cycle)

The sub-address was taken from previous write cycle The sub-address is automatically increment after each byte read Am : Acknowledge by master Note there is no acknowledgment from master after last byte read
1ST BYTE SLAVE ADDRESS (7 BITS) 2ND BYTE n BYTE
S
RW
A
DATA (8 BIT)
Am
DATA
Am
DATA
1
P
NO ACK IN LAST BYTE
During read cycle, the master generates start condition and then place the 1st byte data that are combined slave address (7 bits) with a read/write control bit to SDA line. After issue acknowledgment, 8 bits DATA was also placed on SDA line by PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA. The 8 bit data was read from PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA internal control register that address was assigned by previous write cycle. Follow the master acknowledgment, the PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA place the next 8 bits data (address is increment automatically) on SDA line and then transmit to master serially. The DATA and Am cycles is repeat until the last byte read. After last byte read, Am is no longer generated by master but instead by keep SDA line high. The slave (PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA) must releases SDA line to master to generate STOP condition. (Please refer to Fig 4.3.)
SDA
SCL 1-7 S Start Condition Address R/W ACK from Receiver Data ACK from Receiver Data 8 9 1-7 8 9 1-7 8 9 P Stop ACK from Condition Receiver
Fig 4.3 Data Transfer Format
9
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PixArt Imaging Inc. PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA CMOS Image Sensor IC
4.3 I2C Bus Timing SDA tf tLOWtr SCL S tHD;STA S r tHD;DAT tHIGH tSU;STA Fig 4.4 I2C Bus Timing 4.4 I2C Bus Timing Specification
STANDARD-MODE PARAMETER SCL clock frequency Hold tie (repeated) START condition. After this period, the first clock pulse is generated. Low period of the SCL clock HIGH period of the SCL clock Set-up time for a repeated START condition Data hold time. For I2C-bus device Data set-up time Rise time of both SDA and SCL signals Fall time of both SDA and SCL signals Set-up time for STOP condition Bus free time between a STOP and START Capacitive load for each bus line Noise margin at the LOW level for each connected device (including hysteresis) Noise margin at the HIGH level for each connected device (including hysteresis) Note 1: It depends on the "high" period time of SCL. SYMBOL MIN. MAX. UNIT
tf tSU;DAT
tHD;STA
tSP tr
tBUF
tSU;STO P
S
fscl tHD:STA tLOW tHIGH tSU;STA tHD;DAT tSU;DAT tr tf tSU;STO tBUF Cb VnL VnH
10 4.0 4.7 0.75 4.7 0 250 30 30 4.0 4.7 1 0.1 VDD 0.2 VDD
400 3.45 N.D. N.D. 15 -
kHz us us us us us ns ns(note1) ns(note1) us us pF V V
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PixArt Imaging Inc. PAS202BCA/PAS202BBA CMOS Image Sensor IC
5. Specifications
Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Vdd Vin Vout Parameter DC supply voltage DC input voltage DC output voltage Min -0.5 0.5 -0.5 Max 3.8 Vdd+0.5 Vdd+0.5 Unit V V V
DC Electrical Characteristics (VDD=3.3V10%, Ta=0C~40C ) Symbol Type :PWR VDD Analog and digital operating voltage 3.00 3.3 30 2.0 0 VDD 0.8 10 1.0 Vdd-0.2 0.2 3.60 V mA V V pF uA V V IDD Operating Current Type :IN & I/O Reset and SYSCLK VIH VIL Cin Ilkg VOH VOL Input voltage HIGH Input voltage LOW Input capacitor Input leakage current Output voltage HIGH Output voltage LOW Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Type : OUT & I/O for PXD0:9, PXCLK, H/VSYNC & SDA, load 20pf, 3.3volts
AC Operating Condition Symbol fsysclk fpxclk
Parameter
Min. 8
Typ.
Max. 48 12
Unit MHz MHz
Master clock frequency Pixel clock output frequency
Sensor Characteristics Parameter Photo response non-uniformity Saturation output voltage Dark output voltage Dark signal non-uniformity Sensitivity ( Red channel ) Sensitivity ( Green channel ) Sensitivity ( Blue channel ) Column non-uniformity Symbol PRNU Vsat. Vdark DSNU R G B Cnu Min. Typ. 1.7 1.2 53 2.79 0.8 0.6 0.6 1.56 Max. Unit % V mV/sec Lsb V/Lux-sec V/Lux-sec V/Lux-sec % Note
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PXCLK Timing Specification @12M Hz Symbol Parameter Low period of the PXCLK duty cycle High period of the PXCLK duty cycle Rise time signal Fall time signal Capacitive load for each bus line Min. 40% 40% Typ. 50% 50% 10 10 15 Max. 60% 60% Unit % % ns ns pF
CMOS Image Sensor IC
tLOW tHIGH tr tf Cb
PXCLK tLOW tr tf
tHIGH
6. Package Inf ormation 6.1. Pin Connection Diagram
VDDD VSSD CSB VCM SDA VRT
27
SCL
21
22
23
24
25
26
VSYNC HSYNC PXCLK SYSCLK PXD0 PXD1 PXD2 NC
VRB
28
20
29
NC VSSA VDDA VHRST VSSAY VLRST PXD9 PXD8
19 18 17 16
30 31 32 1 2 3 4 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5
15
14 13
VDDQ
VSSQ
PXD3
PXD4
PXD5
PXD6
-- Bottom View --
VSSQ
PXD7
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6.2. Package Outline
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6.3. Optical Center(Sensor Array Center)and Die/Package Center Offset
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7. Referencing Schematic
VDDD
PXD5
PXD6
PXD7
PXD8
C2
0.1uF U1 VDDA PXD8 PXD9 VLRST 4 3 2 1 32 31 30 29 C4 C3 0.1uF 0.1uF R2 300k VDDD C13 1uF C14 10uF C15 10uF C16 1uF R1 300k L1 3.3UH VDDA 3.3V
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
PXD3
PXD4
PXD5
PXD6
VSSQ
VSSQ
PXD3 PXD2 PXD1 PXD0 SYSCLK PXCLK HSYNC VSYNC
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
NC PXD2 PXD1 PXD0
VDDQ
SYSCLK PXCLK HSYNC
PAS202BCA PAS202BBA
VDDD VSSD
PXD7
PXD4
5
VSSAY VDDAY VDDA VSSA
VCM
SDA
CSB
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
SCL SDA C6 R3 VDDD R4 C11 C10 1uF 1uF C8 0.1uF S1 R5 L2 DGND CSB 1uF C12 10uF
4.7k 4.7k
300k
28
PAS202
VRB
VSYNC SCL
NC
VRT
PXD9
3.3UH AGND
NOTES on capacitors:
1.The 0.1uF caps for pin 8,23,31 and 32 MUST have trace lengths LESS than 5mm. 2.C10,C11,C6 for pins 26,27 and 28 MUST have trace lengths LESS than 5mm.
Title pas202BXA-32P Size A Date: Document Number PAS202-32PINS-PP.opj BY Jeffery Tuesday, May 28, 2002 Sheet 1 of 1 Rev V1.0
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